Title: Governing the pubertal onset regulators of HPG axis in teleost: An application for aquaculture industry
Abstract:
Puberty in teleost is characterized by the development and maturation of the gonads. It is a multifaceted complex process and involves different molecules, for instance, it is now known that Kisspeptin a key upstream regulator of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal axis (HPG) which initiates the GnRH release and hence downstream process of further hormonal release is directed. However, the interaction of Kisspeptin with hormones like melatonin (a regulator of puberty) is not well deciphered. In lieu of this, the study was intended to understand a hormonal interaction of Kisspeptin and Melatonin in common carp, using different photoperiod regimes. Common carp was exposed to different photoperiod regimes of Control (12h:12h), Long day-LD (18:6h), Short Day-SD (6:18h). The results obtained showed that there was an increase in the gene and protein expression of Kisspeptin 1 (Kiss1), Kisspeptin receptor 1 (Kiss1R), GnRH2, while decrease in Melatonin receptor (Mtnr1a), Gonadotropin inhibitor hormone (GnIH) in LD group compared to SD and control during the onset of puberty. Similarly, the gene expression of transcriptional factors like gata1, gata2, cdx1, sp1, plc, n-myc, and hoxc8 was also found to be increased in the LD group, while hdac1, fli1 was found to be up-regulated in SD group compare to control. Together, the study illustrates that long day photoperiod has resulted in the early pubertal markers and thus, applications of Kisspeptin need to be initiated in the aquaculture industry to increase the yield of the common carp.
Audience Take Away Notes:
- Understanding Hormonal Interactions: The audience will gain insights into the hormonal interactions between melatonin and kisspeptin during the pubertal onset in common carp
- This knowledge can be directly applied to similar studies in other teleost species or even broader vertebrate studies involving the hormonal regulation of puberty
- Application in Aquaculture: The findings can be used to optimize breeding conditions for common carp by manipulating photoperiods and understanding hormonal changes to control and enhance the reproductive process
- Enhancing Breeding Programs: Aquaculture professionals can utilize the findings to manipulate environmental conditions (like light exposure) to optimize the timing of puberty and reproduction, improving efficiency and yield in fish farming
- Research Expansion: Researchers in endocrinology, neurobiology, or reproductive biology can build on these findings to explore similar mechanisms in other species, potentially leading to cross-species comparisons and new discoveries in hormonal regulation
- Other faculty members can use this research to expand their own studies on hormonal regulation and puberty in vertebrates. It provides a solid foundation for further exploration into the roles of environmental factors and hormonal cues in biological processes
- By understanding the specific hormonal pathways and environmental triggers, breeders can more accurately predict and control breeding times, improving the overall productivity and health of fish populations
- Improving Fish Health and Quality: Knowledge of hormonal regulation can help in developing strategies to maintain fish health and quality by ensuring that breeding occurs under optimal conditions, thereby reducing stress and improving survival rates
- Cross-Disciplinary Applications: The findings could also be relevant to researchers studying circadian rhythms, neuroendocrine functions, and even broader ecological impacts of hormonal regulation in wildlife
