Title: Anti-sickling activity of aqueous extracts from the bark of daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. & dalziel. In the management of sickle cell disease in Benin
Abstract:
Context : Daniellia oliveri was a plant used in Benin in the treatment of sickle cell crises. It was one of the many traditional plants whose virtues have not yet been scientifically proven.
Objective : To evaluate the effectiveness of the aqueous extract of the bark of Daniellia oliveri in the treatment of sickle cell crises.
Methods : The aqueous extract of the roots was preincubated at different concentrations (40, 20, 10 and 5 mg / ml) with red blood cells from SS patients before or after performing the Emmel test on these red blood cells to test the capacity of the extract to prevent the formation of sickle cells. Intra- erythrocyte oxidative stress was measured by methaemoglobin assay. In vivo, the action of the extract on the evolution of the hemoglobin level, the mean globular volume (MCV) and the number of blood platelets was measured in female rats of the wistar strain force-fed with 200 mg of extract/D/Kg of body weight, for 28 days.
Results : The extract significantly prevented the formation of sickle cells at a dose of 40 mg / ml of blood (P <0.05) and significantly reduced sickle cells to the normal biconcave form of red blood cells (P <0.05). It lowered the production of methemoglobin at a dose of 10 mg / ml, suggesting antioxidant activity. Hemoglobin, MCV, and platelet count did not significantly increase in treated rats, indicating that the extract did not stimulate erythropoiesis or thrombopoiesis.
Conclusion : Daniellia oliveri extract inhibited sickling of SS red blood cells. It reduces intraerythrocyte oxidative stress, but did not show hematopoietic activity. It could therefore be considered in the preventive or curative management of sickle cell crises, but not against anemia.
